Echelle grating zemax file
Some of these approaches are reflector arrays and transmission modulation phase masks. Electronic scanning methods in the adjacent K-band have proven successful and similar approaches are being investigated for millimeter waves. Millimeter and sub-millimeter wave detectors remain expensive and challenges exist for building inexpensive detector arrays to acquire simultaneous measurements.
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The consensus among the millimeter and sub-millimeter wave community is that faster frame rates are possible through a mixture of multi-pixel detection and electronic rather than mechanical scanning.
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The advantages of higher frame rates include the ability to image larger areas more quickly, as well as rapidly changing scenes. New applications of these imagers would be enabled if faster frame rates could be achieved. State of the art stand-off millimeter and sub-millimeter wave imagers use only a single detector and optomechanical scanning systems, the latter limiting their frame rate. The wavelength is long enough to penetrate most man-made materials such as clothing, but short enough to provide the required resolution for detection of objects of interest with moderate size apertures. Millimeter waves are well-suited for concealed object imaging applications. The system design, characterization and measurements are presented and further uses and improvements are suggested. All of the beam steering components are passive and can be designed to operate at any wavelength. The frame rate of the imager is currently limited by the sweep rate of the vector network analyzer which is used to drive the millimeter wave extenders. The active transceiver and heterodyne quadrature detection allow the measurement of the relative phase between two consecutive measurements and the synthesis of the scene’s Doppler signature. The two-dimensional scan is achieved by mapping the millimeter wave spectrum to space using a pair of crossed gratings. We present a two-dimensional, active, millimeter-wave, electronic beam scanner, with Doppler capabilities for stand-off imaging.
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In the present paper the detection principle and the structure of the echelle grating monochromator are described, the high order and lower order quantum number of the probe spectrum is resolved. An effective method to detect the rotational Raman spectrum is taking a grating monochromator. The pure rotization oal Raman Lidar temperature measurement system usually retrieve atmospheric temperature according to the echo signal of high and low-level quantum numbers of N2 moleules.